Beware the sprouts: The hidden dangers in your potatoes
Potatoes are a staple ingredient in many dishes, but what should you do when sprouts appear on their surface? Are sprouting potatoes safe to eat, or should they be avoided? Although it might seem sufficient to cut off the sprouts and prepare the potato for cooking, the answer is not quite that straightforward.
20 October 2024 21:31
Potatoes stored under unsuitable conditions can begin to sprout. This process is natural and linked to the release of solanine — a toxic chemical compound that protects the potato from pests but can be harmful to humans. Whilst cutting off the sprouts might appear adequate, the issue can be more complex. Is it worth risking your health by eating sprouting potatoes, or is it wiser to discard them?
What are sprouts and why do they form?
Potato sprouts are simply shoots that begin to grow when the potato is stored in a warm, humid, or sunny spot. This is a natural reaction of the tuber initiating a new growth cycle. Although the sprouts are not poisonous, they indicate a higher level of solanine in the potato. Solanine is an alkaloid that can be toxic in larger amounts, potentially causing symptoms of food poisoning, such as nausea, vomiting, stomach pain, or diarrhoea.
Is it safe to eat sprouting potatoes?
The answer depends on the extent of sprouting. Small, freshly grown sprouts can be removed, and the potatoes, once peeled and properly cooked or baked, will be safe to eat. However, if the sprouts are extensive and the skin of the potato has turned green, it's better to avoid them. A green tint on the skin signals a higher concentration of solanine, which can be harmful in large amounts. In such situations, even cooking does not fully eliminate the risk of poisoning.
How to store potatoes to prevent sprouting?
To keep potatoes fresh for as long as possible and prevent sprouting, they should be stored in a dark, cool, and dry location. The ideal temperature is around 5-8 degrees Celsius — such as in a cellar or pantry. Avoid storing potatoes in sunny areas, as light encourages solanine production. Regularly check your potato supply to remove any that begin to sprout or soften.
What to do with sprouting potatoes?
If you notice potatoes starting to sprout but the shoots are still small, you can use them in cooking, provided you remove the sprouts and peel the potatoes. However, if the potatoes are noticeably green or soft, it's best to dispose of them. Consuming large amounts of solanine can lead to serious health issues, making it not worth the risk.
