Tomato treasure: Health benefits and hidden risks revealed

The tomato season is in full swing, with bushes weighed down by abundant specimens and their scent wafting in the air. Tomatoes are perfect for salads, can be turned into delicious sauces, add variety to sandwiches, and some people even enjoy eating them like apples. They are a red vitamin bomb, but some people should be cautious.

It is commonly believed that tomatoes are a health treasure. And there is a lot of truth to this because they are a repository of vitamins and nutritional properties. The most valuable component in them is lycopene, although they are also rich in vitamins A, B6, C, E, and K, beta-carotene, as well as phosphorus, magnesium, manganese, and potassium. Seemingly, everything sounds perfect, and one might argue that we should all indulge in tomatoes. However, as is often the case in life, there are some exceptions.

Lycopene is a natural pigment belonging to the carotenoid group, which gives fruits and vegetables their characteristic red colour. It is a powerful antioxidant, which neutralises free radicals in our bodies. Research suggests that regular consumption of lycopene-rich products can help reduce the risk of heart diseases such as heart attacks and strokes.

Lycopene is also being studied for its potential anti-cancer properties, especially in gastrointestinal cancers. Lycopene is best absorbed when consumed with fat. Therefore, adding olive oil to tomato salads is worth remembering to increase this compound's absorption.

Although tomatoes are generally healthy, some people should avoid them. Due to their potassium content, people with kidney disease or electrolyte balance disorders should limit their tomato consumption. The level of potassium that is safe for one person may be too high for another. It all depends on individual needs and the health of the kidneys. If you have problems in this health area, consult your doctor about eating tomatoes. In some cases, with proper preparation and in moderation, tomatoes can be included in the diet.

The organic acids in tomatoes, such as malic and citric acids, can exacerbate symptoms of acid reflux and heartburn. They increase the acidity of stomach contents, which can irritate the oesophagus and intensify the burning sensation. Thermal processing and peeling them can reduce the irritating effect. However, if you have significant problems, it is better to limit tomatoes.

Tomatoes themselves can simply cause allergies. Allergy symptoms can vary widely. The most common symptoms are rash, hay fever, itching and swelling of the tongue, itching and redness around the mouth, and redness around the eyebrows and eyes.

Tomatoes also contain a lot of histamine, and on top of that, they can cause its release in the body. People with histamine intolerance should avoid tomatoes in their daily diet.