Leptospirosis outbreak in Mauritius linked to rat infestation

Twenty cases of severe infectious disease have been detected in Mauritius since the beginning of 2024. The local Ministry of Health has reported that rats are spreading the disease. The presence of these rodents is a massive problem for the country.

The disease developing in Mauritius is leptospirosis - a bacterial illness transmitted through contact with water contaminated with rat urine. It can enter the human body not only by consuming the contaminated water but also through the eyes, nose, mouth, or broken skin.

The Mauritius Ministry of Health warns that the bacteria can be contracted, among other ways, by showering on the beach or walking barefoot through standing water, for example, a puddle.

Infected individuals suffer from high fever, chills, headaches, and muscle and joint aches. Leptospirosis can also lead to diseases and complications of the kidneys, liver, and lungs. Individuals who notice symptoms of infection should immediately seek medical care.

Leptospirosis is also challenging for the neighboring island of Reunion, part of France. Since January of this year, 204 cases of infection have been recorded there.

Leptospirosis is transmitted through rat urine and quickly spreads due to a plague of these rodents in Mauritius. A significant part of the island is covered in sugar cane fields, providing excellent shelter and food for these animals. Rats not only spread diseases but also threaten bird and turtle populations.