Iran strengthens regional security with launch of Nazir radar

Iran has bolstered its air defence by deploying the Nazir radar in the Gilan province on the Caspian Sea. According to Defense Express, radar construction commenced in 2022, with the main structure completed by the end of 2023. However, it was anticipated to be fully operational or launched only at the beginning of 2025. The Nazir radar is a complex network of antennas and transmission-reception systems.

The mentioned radar comprises more than just antennas. As Defence Express elaborates, Nazir is essentially an array of reception and transmission equipment with power systems. The Nazir radar can detect objects at a distance of up to 805 kilometres and an altitude of up to 30.5 kilometres. It is capable of tracking low-visibility objects, such as cruise missiles, and registering ballistic missile launches.

The location where Iran opted to construct the Nazir radar is notable. The structure was erected on Mount Sumam, the highest point in the region. This ensures the Nazir has an extensive range, allowing Iran to monitor an area not previously covered by an air defence system. The radar encompasses parts of Russia, Azerbaijan, Armenia, Turkey, and Central Asian countries.

The location of the Nazir radar is pivotal, especially in light of potential threats from the north. Iranian sources indicate that during attacks from Israel, some were conducted from the northern direction, utilising Azerbaijan’s airspace. The new radar will enable Iran to detect such threats earlier.

Due to its position at an altitude of 3,700 metres, the Nazir radar can detect targets at a distance of 280 kilometres if they are at an altitude of 50 metres. The 805-kilometre range is feasible for objects at an altitude of 17.7 kilometres. Aircraft at an altitude of 4.8 kilometres can be detected from a distance of 500 kilometres.