How to stay cool during the relentless summer heat

When the sun is mercilessly hot, everyone looks for ways to cool down. Intense sunlight can do more harm than good. Many people wonder whether opening windows in high temperatures is a good idea. Research results may surprise you.

It's worth opening windows early in the morning or the evening when the temperature is much lower. The cool air then helps maintain the so-called thermal inertia, which means the ventilated room heats up more slowly. However, when the sun is at its peak, it is advisable to cover the windows using blinds or curtains. This method prevents heat from penetrating the house or flat. Use a space blanket or aluminium foil if you don't have blinds or curtains. These materials act like mirrors, helping to maintain a constant temperature in the room.

Recalling the basics of physics from school can help effectively cool your living space. The phenomenon of enthalpy explains how much energy is needed for a substance to change its state. In the case of water, a specific amount of energy is required for evaporation, and this process cools the room. A similar process occurs in the human body. You can harness this by, for example, adding fine sand to an unglazed pot and then pouring a small amount of water over it. It is essential that the sand remains moist. Next, direct a fan towards the pot, which will trigger the phenomenon of enthalpy.

For many people, the ideal solution is to install air conditioning. Its operation is based on the principle that warm air is lighter than cool air. Alternatively, you can use fans, which are a more common and cheaper option and can reduce the room temperature by a few degrees. The solar chimney effect can benefit flats higher up, as it draws cooler air from the lower floors upwards.

What should you do if you can't open the window and don't have a fan? The Government Security Centre has provided a few tips to follow on hot days:

• Minimise being outdoors in direct sunlight.
• Try to drink plenty of water - preferably 2-3 litres per day.
• Use a hat outdoors to protect yourself from overheating and scalp burns.
• Wear airy and light clothing - linen clothing is a good choice.
• Do not leave pets or children in cars.
• Don't forget to apply sunscreen before leaving the house.
• Avoid consuming alcohol as it causes dehydration.
• Limit physical exertion and stay at home if possible.