Ukraine faces an ongoing crisis: Six million displaced as conflict persists

Confidential Ukrainian estimates from early 2024 indicate that the number of fallen Ukrainian soldiers is 80,000 and the wounded are 400,000, reports the "Wall Street Journal." Conversely, the estimated Russian losses vary but may reach nearly 200,000 killed and 400,000 wounded, the report says.

Since the beginning of the war in February 2022, over six million people have left Ukraine, and the population in areas controlled by Kyiv has dropped to 25-27 million, according to UN data. As of the end of April 2024, according to Eurostat, Poland was providing temporary protection to 949,365 Ukrainian refugees, a decrease of 1,600 people compared to March. This is less than in 2022 when the number of those protected exceeded 1.3 million. Meanwhile, in Germany, the number of Ukrainian refugees rose to 1,277,655.

There is also the issue of mobilising Ukrainian men based on their age. Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky avoids mobilising men aged 18 to 25 because they do not yet have children. The report says their loss could further worsen the country's demographic prospects, as Ukrainian demographers emphasise.

In response, Ukraine has limited itself to partial mobilisation and resisted Western pressure to send more soldiers to the front. The average age of Ukrainian soldiers has now surpassed 43 years, the report says.

In December 2023, the Ukrainian president stated that the army proposes mobilising an additional 450,000-500,000 people. "No one knows the answer to the question of when the war between Ukraine and Russia will end; however, if we maintain unity as a nation, we can get closer to victory," declared President Volodymyr Zelensky at a press conference summarising 2023.

War, victory, defeat, and stagnation depend on many decisions and risks, but above all, on ourselves. However, we are not ready to give up our country. If we maintain our goals and do everything we can, I am convinced that we can bring this victory closer—emphasised the President of Ukraine at that time.

In May 2024, the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's parliament, passed a law allowing the release of certain categories of prisoners so they could join the military on a contract basis during mobilisation and martial law.

The right to be released from serving their sentence to join the army will not apply to those convicted of deliberate murder, paedophilia, corruption, and crimes against state security – explained the Ukrainska Pravda portal.

As Olena Shuliak, a deputy from the ruling Servant of the People party, explained, those released from prison to perform military service could be those with no more than three years remaining on their sentence. Prisoners with longer sentences and those sentenced to life will be denied the right to appeal, she emphasised in a comment for Ukrainska Pravda.